<nis:link nis:type=tag nis:id=BIS nis:value=BIS nis:enabled=true nis:link/> initiated the <nis:link nis:type=tag nis:id=Hallmarking nis:value=Hallmarking nis:enabled=true nis:link/> scheme with the primary objectives of protecting consumers against fraudulent practices related to gold quality and to obligate manufacturers to maintain legal standards of fineness.